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By Wake Yelu
Forest Research Institute-Madang PNG
Thirteen (13) species were tested on ploughed and unploughed grassland sites using a randomized complete block design in the Markham Valley in Papua New Guinea. The ten species were Araucaria cunninghamii, Araucaria hunsteinii, Acacia mangium, Anisoptera thurifera, Eucalyptus pellita, Pometia pinnata, Castanospermum australe, Pterocarpus indicus, Pinus caribaea, Intsia bijuga, Calophyllum erruphyllum, Endospermum medulosom and Toona sureni. The sites tested were fertile and degraded grassland areas.
The objective of the trial was to assess the performance of the species on the fertile and degraded grassland sites in Markham Valley and select on the basis of their performance to be recommended for the rehabilitation of the grassland site and for fuel wood and building materials for people in the Markham Valley, Papua New Guinea.
The result indicated that the performance of the species were very good on ploughed grassland areas on both the fertile and degraded sites compared to the unploughed sites. Species such as Eucalyptus pellita, Pterocarpus indicus (Rosewood), Araucaria cunninghamii (Hoop), Anisoptera thurifera (Mersawa), Calophyllum erruphyllum and Pinus caribaea were growing very well compared to others. These species are therefore recommended for planting on grassland area provided proper Silvicultural techniques are applied during the establishment and maintenance of this trees in the plantation.
This report covers the methods involved in the establishment and management of trees on the grassland sites to bring back grassland into productive forest land and addressing the issue of the climate change.
Although the work has been done in Papua New Guinea, the information will be useful for rehabilitation on grasslands in Indonesia because of the similarities of grassland sites and the species composition.
AYO KITA DUKUNG : KONFERENSI INTERNASIONAL KERAGAMAN BUDAYA PAPUA, 8-11 NOPEMBER 2010
Akan diselenggarakan Konferensi Internasional Kedua di Jayapura, Papua - Indonesia tentang "Konferensi Internasional Keragaman Budaya Papua dalam Keragaman Kebudayaan Indonesia " tanggal 8-11 Nopember 2010 bertempat di Kantor Gubernur Provinsi Papua, Jln.Soa Siu, Jayapura-Papua. Bagi Anda yang tertarik mengetahui informasinya dan ingin ikut serta pada acara tersebut silahkan kunjungi Website di www.icpcd.org
Kamis, 27 Agustus 2009
Abstract From Young Scientist : Performance of Tree On Fertile and Degraded Grassland Sites In The Markham Valley, Papua New Guinea
Abstract From Young Scientist : Tetrahdroxysqualene from Rhus taitensis shows antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
By Jeffrey C. Noro,†‡ Louis R. Barrows,§ Osia G. Gideon, Chris M. Ireland, ‡ Michael Koch,§ Teatulohi Matainaho,† Pius Piskaut, Christopher D. Pond,§ Tim S. Bugni‡*
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 E., RM 307, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 E., RM 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, PO Box 5623, Boroko, NCD, Papua New Guinea
School of Natural and Physical Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, PO Box 320, Boroko, NCD, Papua New Guinea
† School of Medicine and Health Science, University of Papua New Guinea
‡Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah
§Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah
School of Natural and Physical Science, University of Papua New Guinea
Presenter: Mr. Jeffrey Noro
Abstract:
Tuberculosis, caused by the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has become a major global health threat, especially in developing nations. TB therapy requires long treatment regimens and patient compliance is difficult. Failure of patients to comply with therapy has led to the emergence of multi drug resistant TB (MDRTB) and extremely drug resistant TB (XDRTB). There is an ever-growing need for new therapeutics for treatment of TB, especially for HIV/TB patients.
Over the past decades, natural products have played an important role as sources of secondary metabolites with potential as lead compounds for drug discovery.
In our search for new therapeutic leads against TB, we isolated a new triterpene from the plant Rhus taitensis collected in Papua New Guinea. Tetrahydroxysqualene was isolated using bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract of R. taitensis leaves and twigs. The structure of tetrahydroxysqualene was elucidated on the basis of HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Tetrahydroxysqualene exhibited anti–tuberculosis activity with an EC50 of 2.7 g/mL while showing little cytotoxicity.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 E., RM 307, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 E., RM 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, PO Box 5623, Boroko, NCD, Papua New Guinea
School of Natural and Physical Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, PO Box 320, Boroko, NCD, Papua New Guinea
† School of Medicine and Health Science, University of Papua New Guinea
‡Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah
§Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah
School of Natural and Physical Science, University of Papua New Guinea
Presenter: Mr. Jeffrey Noro
Abstract:
Tuberculosis, caused by the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has become a major global health threat, especially in developing nations. TB therapy requires long treatment regimens and patient compliance is difficult. Failure of patients to comply with therapy has led to the emergence of multi drug resistant TB (MDRTB) and extremely drug resistant TB (XDRTB). There is an ever-growing need for new therapeutics for treatment of TB, especially for HIV/TB patients.
Over the past decades, natural products have played an important role as sources of secondary metabolites with potential as lead compounds for drug discovery.
In our search for new therapeutic leads against TB, we isolated a new triterpene from the plant Rhus taitensis collected in Papua New Guinea. Tetrahydroxysqualene was isolated using bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract of R. taitensis leaves and twigs. The structure of tetrahydroxysqualene was elucidated on the basis of HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Tetrahydroxysqualene exhibited anti–tuberculosis activity with an EC50 of 2.7 g/mL while showing little cytotoxicity.
Abstract From Young Scientist : Parataxonomists’ role in documenting biological information: a case study of the New Guinea Binatang Research Center
Parataxonomists’ role in documenting biological information: a case study of the New Guinea Binatang Research Center in Madang, Papua New Guinea.
By Elvis Tamtiai
New Guinea Binatang Research Center, PO Box 604, Madang, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Email: bintangi@datec.net.pg
New Guinea contains the third biggest remaining area of untouched tropical forest. The island has been recognised as one of the world’s three high biodiversity wilderness areas.
Biodiversity surveys are crucial at this moment with an increasing human activity which becomes a continuous threat to New Guinea’s high biodiversity. Earlier biological studies have shown New Guinea has remarkably high level of endemism. For example, of the 17 000 species of plants, (>10 200 are endemic), mammals 233 species (146 endemic) and birds 650 species, (334 endemic).With its high biodiversity which is in need of conservation, the island has a huge potential for long term biological study. New Guinea Binatang (=insect) Center (BRC) is a non governmental organisation devoted to fill this gap by conducting biodiversity research, conservation, environmental education, training of parataxonomists and post graduate students.
Over 10 years of research activities and support from overseas researchers, the BRC has conducted biodiversity surveys of insects, (moths and butterflies), contributes to building national insect collections by sending specimens to the National Agriculture Research Institute in Port Moresby. The BRC supports University of Papua New Guinea post graduates students to conduct biological research. Parataxonomists are trained in general science, survey and collecting methods, preparation of specimens, microscopy, digital photography, computing, and field logistics, published results in international journals. Parataxonomists deliver talk at conference and produce educational materials.
BRC long term scientific study in Wanang WMA provides local employment opportunity and a source of ownership to their forest. Parataxonomists effective in biodiversity has established strong collaboration with local and overseas research institutions, NGOs and grassroots village groups.
By Elvis Tamtiai
New Guinea Binatang Research Center, PO Box 604, Madang, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Email: bintangi@datec.net.pg
New Guinea contains the third biggest remaining area of untouched tropical forest. The island has been recognised as one of the world’s three high biodiversity wilderness areas.
Biodiversity surveys are crucial at this moment with an increasing human activity which becomes a continuous threat to New Guinea’s high biodiversity. Earlier biological studies have shown New Guinea has remarkably high level of endemism. For example, of the 17 000 species of plants, (>10 200 are endemic), mammals 233 species (146 endemic) and birds 650 species, (334 endemic).With its high biodiversity which is in need of conservation, the island has a huge potential for long term biological study. New Guinea Binatang (=insect) Center (BRC) is a non governmental organisation devoted to fill this gap by conducting biodiversity research, conservation, environmental education, training of parataxonomists and post graduate students.
Over 10 years of research activities and support from overseas researchers, the BRC has conducted biodiversity surveys of insects, (moths and butterflies), contributes to building national insect collections by sending specimens to the National Agriculture Research Institute in Port Moresby. The BRC supports University of Papua New Guinea post graduates students to conduct biological research. Parataxonomists are trained in general science, survey and collecting methods, preparation of specimens, microscopy, digital photography, computing, and field logistics, published results in international journals. Parataxonomists deliver talk at conference and produce educational materials.
BRC long term scientific study in Wanang WMA provides local employment opportunity and a source of ownership to their forest. Parataxonomists effective in biodiversity has established strong collaboration with local and overseas research institutions, NGOs and grassroots village groups.
Abstract : Diversity and Abundance of Crustacean (Decapoda, Brachyura) at Kamora Mangrove Forest in Papua
Diversity and Abundance of Crustacean (Decapoda, Brachyura) at Kamora Mangrove Forest in Papua
By Agung Faiz Darmawan¹, Deky Lala¹, and Dwi Listyo Rahayu2
1) PT. Freeport Indonesia. Environmental Department. Timika Environmental Laboratory Timika 98663 Papua, Indonesia. Telp. (0901) 42 5402 Fax (0901) 42 5403. agung_darmawan@fmi.com
2) Research Center for Oceanography Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Study of mangrove crustacean in Kamora forest, Mimika district was carried out in April and May 2007. The aim of the study is to observe the crustacean community in mangrove area. Samples were collected from three station (Kamora1, Kamora2, and Kamora3) using line transect plot method placed 0 m (near river bank), 250 m from river bank and 500 m from river bank. The results showed that family Sesarmidae is dominated the area by the number of species (17 of 37 species) and individuals (1264 of 1758 individuals). Within the family Sesarmidae, Perisesarma foresti is the most abundant species (25 individuals/10m2), followed by Sarmatium germaini (13 individuals/10m2).
The second dominant family is Ocypodidae, represented by 5 species and 196 individuals. Within the family Ocypodidae, Uca triangularis and Uca coarctata are abundant (4 and 3 individuals/10 m2 respectively). Among the three transect lines, Kamora 2 has the lowest number of species and individual. The highest number of species was collected at Kamora 3 but the highest number of individuals was collected at Kamora 1. In Kamora 1, 2 and 3, the site near river bank have the highest number of species. This phenomenon was caused this area have a shorter period of drought.
Key words: diversity, abundance, mangrove crustacean, kamora forest
By Agung Faiz Darmawan¹, Deky Lala¹, and Dwi Listyo Rahayu2
1) PT. Freeport Indonesia. Environmental Department. Timika Environmental Laboratory Timika 98663 Papua, Indonesia. Telp. (0901) 42 5402 Fax (0901) 42 5403. agung_darmawan@fmi.com
2) Research Center for Oceanography Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Study of mangrove crustacean in Kamora forest, Mimika district was carried out in April and May 2007. The aim of the study is to observe the crustacean community in mangrove area. Samples were collected from three station (Kamora1, Kamora2, and Kamora3) using line transect plot method placed 0 m (near river bank), 250 m from river bank and 500 m from river bank. The results showed that family Sesarmidae is dominated the area by the number of species (17 of 37 species) and individuals (1264 of 1758 individuals). Within the family Sesarmidae, Perisesarma foresti is the most abundant species (25 individuals/10m2), followed by Sarmatium germaini (13 individuals/10m2).
The second dominant family is Ocypodidae, represented by 5 species and 196 individuals. Within the family Ocypodidae, Uca triangularis and Uca coarctata are abundant (4 and 3 individuals/10 m2 respectively). Among the three transect lines, Kamora 2 has the lowest number of species and individual. The highest number of species was collected at Kamora 3 but the highest number of individuals was collected at Kamora 1. In Kamora 1, 2 and 3, the site near river bank have the highest number of species. This phenomenon was caused this area have a shorter period of drought.
Key words: diversity, abundance, mangrove crustacean, kamora forest
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